與時態有關的文法問題

Question

請問下面各題該選哪一個答案才正確? 1. When the ambulance arrived, the injured man ____ from bleeding. (1) fainted (2) had fainted 2. As soon as she learned that her pet dog ____, she burst into tears. (1) died (2) had died 3. People believe that humankind ____ more planets by the end of 21st century. (1)...

Answer 1

五題的正解都是(2).

1. When the ambulance arrived, the injured man ____ from bleeding.
(1) fainted (2) had fainted

昏迷不可能恰好發生在救護車到達的同一瞬間, 而是在前的事, 要用過去完成式
had fainted.


2. As soon as she learned that her pet dog ____, she burst into tears.
(1) died (2) had died

狗狗死亡是先發生的事, 然後她獲悉, 所以要用 過去完成式had died.


3. People believe that humankind ____ more planets by the end of 21st
century.
(1) will visit (2) will have visited

by所帶領的時間片語, 與完成式連用, 時間在未來就用未來完成式.


4. I don't really work here; I ____ until the new secretary arrives.
(1) just help out (2) am just helping out

分號前面是現在事實, 用現在式;
分號後面是現在持續的狀態, 故用現在進行式.


5. For thousands of years, Chinese people _____ that herbs are good
for health.
(1) know (2) have known (3) have been knowing

For+一段時間迄今, 用現在完成式或現在完成進行式;
而know這個動詞不適用進行式, 所以選現在完成式.


2013-10-16 17:08:22 補充：
know 和die 好像也可歸類於"瞬間動詞" , 那題目怎麼改, 這2個動詞就不能用完成式啊?

這兩個動詞都可以用完成式:
I have known it already.
He has died. <--- 不可與表示一段時間的片語連用

2013-10-17 18:00:55 補充：
>如果昏迷就是發生在那一瞬間呢, 句子該怎麼寫啊?
No sooner did the ambulance arrive than the injured man got fainted from bleeding.

2013-10-18 08:50:55 補充：
>No sooner had the ambulance arrived than the injured man got fainted from bleeding.
這樣寫更為明確.
過去完成式是比過去式還早的動作, 但在有連接詞交待先後的句子中, 例如before, after, no sooner...than等, 可以兩者都用過去式.

2013-10-18 08:56:33 補充：
分類版主只能隱藏不當的貼文, 無權直接移除, 所以要靠大家來檢舉廣告, 網管會移除. 已隱藏的廣告也可檢舉. 廣告是論壇的病毒, 會讓論壇死亡, 大家來愛惜這個園地吧!

Answer 2

你的問題裡大多是用完成式來與簡單式形成時差的。完成式比簡單式的時間點早。而現在完成式則是用在迄今仍有效的狀況。

Answer 3

1. (1).
2. (1).
3. (1).
4. (2).
5. (2).

2013-10-16 16:38:19 補充：
correct:
1. (2).
2. (2).
3. (2).
4. (2).
5. (2).